Desorption of nitramine and nitroaromatic explosive residues from soils detonated under controlled conditions

Sequential Desorption of Nitroaromatic Compounds (NAC) from Soils

The Fate of Nitroaromatic (tnt) and Nitramine (rdx and Hmx) Explosives in Fractured and Weathered Soils

We investigated the fate of explosives compounds in slurries containing fractured and weathered soil particles. Three soils were crushed with a piston to emulate detonation-induced fracturing. We used X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and gas adsorption surface area measurements to quantify the mineralogies and surfaces of the weathered and fractured soil particles. Soil batch slu...

Managing groundwater plumes of dissolved nitroaromatic and cyclic nitramine

high priority at military facilities where site management costs can be very high. A novel approach to control plume migration utilizes electrolytic permeable reactive barriers to degrade these chemical in situ. This research focuses on characterizing the relationship between electrode surface morphology and composition with the rate of electrochemical reduction for mixtures of cyclic nitramine...

Microbial transformation of nitroaromatic compounds under anaerobic conditions.

The transformation of several mono- and dinitroaromatic compounds (tested at 50-200 microM) by methanogenic bacteria, sulphate-reducing bacteria and clostridia was studied. Some of the nitroaromatics tested were transformed chemically by 1.5 mM quantities of culture media reducing agents, like cysteine or sulphide. This abiotic reduction occurred at the o-nitro-groups preferentially. Nitropheno...

Kinetic distribution of 14C-metsulfuron-methyl residues in paddy soils under different moisture conditions.

Rice paddy soils undergo several cycles of drying and wetting during a growing season. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the effect of soil moisture conditions on the distribution and kinetics of extractable and bound residues of 14C-metsulfuron-methyl in six Chinese paddy soils during 84 d of incubation at 15 degrees C with moisture contents varying from 20 to 50% of the field wate...